Download

O livro foi elaborado pelo CGEE em parceria com o Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (BNDES), e teve o apoio do Ministério de Ciência e Tecnologia (MCT), da Comissão Econômica para América Latina e Caribe (Cepal) e da Organização das Nações Unidas para Agricultura e Alimentação (FAO). O livro verde do bioetanol se propõe a contribuir ao desenvolvimento do potencial dos biocombustíveis e seus desafios de produção no Brasil e na América Latina, no médio prazo. A publicação destaca quais instituições, empresas e indivíduos têm avanços ou planos na pesquisa na área, além de tratar de temas como inovação, investimento, legislação e normativos nos diversos elos da cadeia produtiva e de distribuição do biodiesel e bioetanol.

CNEN – Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear

2009 – Boletim de Energia – Acesso livre

Download

During trilateral discussions in 2006, the Government of Brazil, the European Commission (representing the European Union) and the Government of the United States of America affirmed their belief that the current market for biofuels is viable, the market will continue to grow within regions, and that international trade in biofuels would increase significantly by the end of the decade. In February 2007, a conference was organized by the European Commission and the European Committee for Standardization (CEN), with the active participation of the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Brazil’s National Institute of Metrology, Standardization, and Industrial Quality (INMETRO). This meeting, held in Brussels, convened a broad range of private-sector biofuels experts and government representatives from the EU, US and Brazil. The participants identified that differing standards for biofuels were a potential handicap to the free circulation of biofuels among the three regions. To support the global trade of biofuels, representatives of Brazil, the EU and the U.S. agreed to promote, whenever possible, the compatibility of biofuels-related standards in their respective regions. Such compatibility would not only facilitate the increasing use of biofuels in each of the regional markets, but also would support both exporters and importers of biofuels by helping to avoid adverse trade implications in a global market.

CNEN – Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear

2007 – Boletim de Energia – Acesso livre

Download

The Society convened a working group of leading experts to consider the science and technology prospects of delivering efficient biofuels for transport in the broader context of the environmental protection and sustainability.
The working group concluded that biofuels have a potentially useful role in tackling the issues of climate change and energy supply. However, important opportunities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from biofuels, and to ensure wider environmental and social benefits, may be missed with existing policy frameworks and targets. Unless biofuel development is supported by appropriate policies and economic instruments then there is a risk that we may become locked into inefficient biofuel supply chains that potentially create harmful environmental and social impacts. New technologies need to be accelerated that can help address these issues, aided by policies that provide direct incentives to invest in the most efficient biofuels.
The report makes a series of recommendations about policies and research needs in order to help develop sustainable biofuels for transport.

CNEN – Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear

2008 – Boletim de Energia – Acesso livre

Download

The report presents facts, findings and models regarding biofuels in a broad context. It points out the associated uncertainties.

The document identifies scenarios which may evolve in either a predictable or non predictable way in the future but which in turn may considerably influence the debate.

Finally, this study has identified open issues which should be addressed in priority.

CNEN – Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear

2008 – Boletim de Energia – Acesso Livre

Download

Energy policy is facing major challenges. Industrial countries are increasingly dependent on imports of oil and gas, and global warming is becoming more of a reality. In order to address these challenges, a sustainable energy system must be developed. This document presents an outline of a sustainable energy situation for Europe in the year 2050. The research institutes ECN and NRG hope that this vision will guide energy research and inspire both businesses and governments. The authors describe a consistent development path that leads to a reduction in CO₂ emissions in Europe to 60% below 1990 levels, and to a signifi cantly reduced level of oil and gas imports. However, in 2050 the energy system will not be completely sustainable. The authors have formulated additional sustainability conditions for the reliable use of nuclear energy, biomass, and CO₂ capture & storage in a sustainable energy system. If these conditions are complied with, the overall picture will meet realistic criteria of sustainability. Despite this, continued energy conservation and further development of renewables should be pursued after 2050. In the vision for 2050 presented here, much weight is given to new technologies, new resources and new energy infrastructure. In addition to such innovation, new ways of decision-making and new patterns of behaviour are essential. With respect to technological developments that result in, for instance, affordable solar cells, the deployment of second-generation biofuels and reliable CO₂ capture & storage, realistic judgements have been made as to the timing of their commercialisation. The technology policy required to bring about such technological developments is briefly outlined.

CNEN – Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear

2007 – Boletim de Energia – Acesso livre